Spiny catfish
Minimum Tank Volume 7.9 Gallon |
Recommended Tank Volume 26.4 Gallon (for groups of 6 or more) |
Maximum Adult Length 4.7 inch |
Average Adult Length 3.9 inch |
Shoaling (6+ required) No |
Preferred Water Type Freshwater, slightly acidic to neutral |
Minimum Group Size 1 |
Temperature Range (°C) 21–26 |
pH Range 6.2–7.7 |
Water Hardness (dGH) 4–18 |
Typical Lifespan (years) 5 years |
Minimum Tank Volume 7.9 Gallon | Recommended Tank Volume 26.4 Gallon (for groups of 6 or more) |
Maximum Adult Length 4.7 inch | Average Adult Length 3.9 inch |
Shoaling (6+ required) No | Preferred Water Type Freshwater, slightly acidic to neutral |
Minimum Group Size 1 | Temperature Range (°C) 21–26 |
pH Range 6.2–7.7 | Water Hardness (dGH) 4–18 |
Typical Lifespan (years) 5 years |
Introduction
The Spiny catfish (Acanthodoras cataphractus) is a captivating freshwater species cherished by aquarists for its unique armored appearance and peaceful demeanor. Native to South America's Amazon tributaries, this nocturnal bottom-dweller thrives in well-structured aquariums that mimic its natural habitat. With proper care, Spiny catfish can be a delightful addition to community tanks, offering both aesthetic appeal and intriguing behaviors.
What makes the Spiny catfish unique?
Its distinctive armored body and nocturnal habits set it apart, providing aquarists with a fascinating species to observe during evening hours.
Is the Spiny catfish suitable for beginners?
Yes, with appropriate tank conditions and care, it can be a suitable choice for novice fishkeepers.
Care and Environment
Providing optimal care for the Spiny catfish involves replicating its natural environment and understanding its specific needs.
What is the minimum tank size for a Spiny catfish?
A minimum of 30 liters is recommended for a single fish, but a larger tank is preferable to accommodate their active nature and potential growth.
What are the ideal water parameters?
Maintain a temperature between 21–26°C, pH levels of 6.2–7.7, and water hardness of 4–18°N to ensure their well-being.
Filtration should be efficient to keep the water clean and well-oxygenated, as Spiny catfish are sensitive to poor water quality. Moderate water circulation mimics their natural habitat and supports their health.
Lighting should be subdued, reflecting their nocturnal nature. Providing plenty of hiding spots with caves, driftwood, and dense vegetation will help them feel secure. A soft, sandy substrate is ideal to protect their sensitive barbels during foraging.
As omnivores, Spiny catfish accept a variety of foods, including quality flake, sinking pellets, and live or frozen options like bloodworms and brine shrimp. Feeding them after lights out aligns with their nocturnal feeding habits.
Are there any specific challenges in keeping Spiny catfish?
They are shy and require ample hiding places. Additionally, they are nocturnal, so daytime activity is minimal, which may not appeal to all aquarists.
Origin and Habitat
Spiny catfish are indigenous to South America's Amazon River tributaries, thriving in slow-moving waters rich in vegetation and submerged structures. These environments provide ample hiding spots and a diverse diet, which the Spiny catfish have adapted to over time.
What type of water bodies do they inhabit?
They are typically found in slow-moving rivers and streams with abundant plant life and submerged structures.
How does their natural habitat influence their care in aquariums?
Replicating their natural environment with plenty of hiding spots and appropriate water conditions is crucial for their well-being.
Temperament and Compatibility
Spiny catfish are peaceful and can coexist with similarly sized, non-aggressive tank mates. They are nocturnal and may be less active during the day, often hiding in provided shelters.
Can Spiny catfish be kept with other fish?
Yes, they are peaceful and can be housed with other non-aggressive species of similar size.
Do they need to be kept in groups?
While they can be kept singly, they may exhibit more natural behaviors when kept in small groups.
To create a harmonious community tank, avoid housing them with aggressive or significantly larger species that might intimidate or prey on them.
Interesting Facts
Spiny catfish possess sharp pectoral and dorsal spines used for defense, which can deliver a painful sting if handled improperly. They are also known for their ability to produce sounds by grinding their pectoral spines against their shoulder girdle, a behavior used for communication and deterrence.
How long do Spiny catfish live?
With proper care, they can live between 5 to 8 years.
Are they easy to breed in captivity?
Breeding in home aquariums is rare, with limited reports of successful spawning and fry survival.
Sources
All information in this article has been gathered from the following reputable sources: