Shark catfish
Introduction
The Shark Catfish, also known as the Colombian Shark or Silver-Tip Shark, is a captivating species that appeals to aquarists due to its sleek, shark-like appearance and active swimming behavior. Despite its name, this fish is not a true shark but a member of the catfish family. Its shimmering silver body and dynamic presence make it a standout addition to large aquariums. However, potential keepers should be aware that the Shark Catfish requires specific care conditions, including a transition from freshwater to brackish or marine environments as it matures, making it more suitable for intermediate to advanced fishkeepers.
Care and Environment
Providing optimal care for the Shark Catfish involves understanding its unique requirements and ensuring a suitable environment for its growth and well-being.
What is the minimum tank size required for a Shark Catfish?
A single adult Shark Catfish requires a minimum tank size of 340 liters to accommodate its active swimming habits and potential growth up to 35 cm.
What are the ideal water parameters for maintaining a healthy Shark Catfish?
Maintain a water temperature between 22-26°C, a pH range of 6.8-8.0, and water hardness between 8-30 dGH. As juveniles, they can thrive in freshwater, but as they mature, it's essential to gradually increase salinity to brackish conditions, with a specific gravity around 1.005 for young fish and up to 1.015 or higher for adults.
What type of filtration and tank setup is recommended for Shark Catfish?
A strong filtration system is crucial to handle the bioload and maintain water quality. The tank should have ample open swimming space with a sandy substrate and some hiding spots like caves or driftwood. Ensure the tank is well-lit, possibly receiving morning sunlight, to mimic their natural habitat.
Feeding the Shark Catfish a varied diet is essential. They are omnivorous with a preference for meaty foods. Juveniles should be fed high-quality flake foods, while adults can be offered pellets, earthworms, mussels, prawns, and strips of fish or squid. Feeding them several times a day supports their rapid growth and energy needs.
Be cautious when handling the Shark Catfish, as they possess venom-producing glands on their dorsal spines, which can cause painful stings comparable to bee stings. Always use care during tank maintenance to avoid injury.
Origin and Habitat
The Shark Catfish is native to the coastal river systems of Central and South America, including regions from North to South American rivers and estuaries. In the wild, they inhabit environments that range from freshwater to brackish conditions, often migrating between these habitats. These areas typically feature sandy substrates and moderate water flow, providing the Shark Catfish with ample space for swimming and foraging. Seasonal variations, such as changes in salinity and water levels, influence their migratory patterns and breeding behaviors.
Temperament and Compatibility
Shark Catfish are generally peaceful but can exhibit predatory behavior towards smaller fish that can fit into their mouths. They are best kept in groups of four or more to reduce stress and encourage natural schooling behavior. Suitable tank mates include other large, non-aggressive brackish water species such as adult Scats or Monos. Avoid housing them with smaller or more aggressive fish to prevent predation or stress.
Can Shark Catfish be kept with freshwater species?
While juveniles can tolerate freshwater, adults require brackish to marine conditions. Therefore, it's not advisable to keep them with freshwater species that cannot adapt to increased salinity.
Do Shark Catfish require a group to thrive?
Yes, they are schooling fish and thrive when kept in groups of four or more, which helps reduce stress and promotes natural behaviors.
Interesting Facts
The Shark Catfish is known for its unique ability to produce a loud, croaking sound by rotating its pectoral fin in its socket, a behavior amplified by its swim bladder. In the wild, they are mouthbrooders, with males carrying up to 100 marble-sized eggs in their mouths until they hatch. Despite their popularity in the aquarium trade, breeding Shark Catfish in captivity is rare due to their specific environmental requirements and migratory breeding behaviors.
Sources
All information in this article has been gathered from the following reputable sources: