Senegal bichir

Introduction

The Senegal bichir, also known as the dinosaur eel, is a fascinating freshwater fish that captivates aquarists with its prehistoric appearance and unique behaviors. Belonging to the Polypteridae family, this species is renowned for its elongated body, armored scales, and the ability to breathe atmospheric air, thanks to a specialized swim bladder. While their care requires attention to specific needs, Senegal bichirs are relatively hardy, making them suitable for dedicated beginner to intermediate fishkeepers.

Care and Environment

Providing optimal care for the Senegal bichir involves creating an environment that mirrors its natural habitat and meets its physiological requirements.

What is the minimum tank size for a Senegal bichir?

A single Senegal bichir requires a minimum tank size of 200 liters to accommodate its growth and activity levels. For multiple bichirs or a community setup, a larger tank is recommended to ensure ample space and reduce territorial disputes.

What are the ideal water parameters for Senegal bichirs?

Maintain water temperatures between 24°C and 28°C, with a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5. They adapt well to various water hardness levels but prefer slightly soft to moderately hard water. Regular monitoring and maintenance of these parameters are crucial for their health.

How should the tank be set up for a Senegal bichir?

Use a soft substrate like sand to prevent injury to their underbelly. Incorporate hiding spots such as caves, driftwood, and dense vegetation to provide shelter and mimic their natural environment. Ensure the tank has a secure lid, as Senegal bichirs are known to be adept jumpers.

Filtration should be efficient to handle their carnivorous diet, which can lead to significant waste. However, avoid strong currents; a gentle to moderate water flow is ideal. Lighting should be subdued, as they are nocturnal and prefer dim environments. Floating plants can help diffuse light and create shaded areas.

Feeding should consist of a varied diet rich in protein. Offer live or frozen foods like earthworms, bloodworms, brine shrimp, and small fish. High-quality sinking pellets formulated for carnivorous fish can also be included. Feed them once or twice daily, providing only what they can consume within a few minutes to prevent overfeeding and maintain water quality.

Origin and Habitat

Senegal bichirs are native to various regions across Africa, including the Nile River system and parts of West and Central Africa. They inhabit slow-moving waters such as swamps, marshes, and floodplains, where they thrive in environments with dense vegetation and muddy substrates. These habitats often experience seasonal variations, leading to fluctuating water levels and conditions. The bichir's ability to breathe atmospheric air allows it to survive in oxygen-depleted waters, a trait that has enabled its persistence through changing environments over millions of years.

Temperament and Compatibility

Senegal bichirs are generally peaceful but possess a predatory nature, which influences their compatibility with other fish.

Can Senegal bichirs be kept with other fish?

Yes, they can coexist with other fish, provided the tank mates are of similar size and not small enough to be considered prey. Suitable companions include larger tetras, gouramis, and non-aggressive cichlids.

Are Senegal bichirs aggressive towards their own kind?

While they can be kept together, it's essential to ensure all individuals are of similar size to prevent potential aggression or predation. Providing ample hiding spots can help reduce territorial disputes.

What should be avoided when selecting tank mates for a Senegal bichir?

Avoid housing them with small, delicate fish that can be easily consumed. Additionally, steer clear of fin-nipping species, as bichirs have long, delicate fins that can be damaged.

Interesting Facts

Senegal bichirs are often referred to as "living fossils" due to their ancient lineage, dating back to the Cretaceous period. Their unique ability to breathe atmospheric air allows them to survive in low-oxygen environments, a trait that has contributed to their resilience over millions of years. Additionally, they possess a primitive lung-like organ, enabling them to extract oxygen directly from the air, which is uncommon among fish species.

Sources

All information in this article has been gathered from the following reputable sources:

• xaviersexotics.com
• tropicalfishsite.com
• keepafish.com