Hecq’s shell-dweller

Hecq’s shell-dweller, scientifically known as *Neolamprologus hecqui*, is a captivating species among the shell-dwelling cichlids from Lake Tanganyika in Africa. Renowned for their unique behavior of inhabiting and breeding within empty snail shells, these fish offer aquarists a fascinating glimpse into specialized aquatic life. Their manageable size and intriguing behaviors make them an appealing choice for both novice and experienced fishkeepers. However, providing appropriate care and environment is essential to ensure their well-being. **What makes Hecq’s shell-dweller unique among aquarium fish?** Their distinctive behavior of living and breeding in snail shells sets them apart, offering aquarists a unique and engaging experience. **Are Hecq’s shell-dwellers suitable for beginner aquarists?** Yes, with proper research and commitment to maintaining their specific environmental needs, they can be a rewarding choice for beginners. **What is the typical lifespan of a Hecq’s shell-dweller in captivity?** They can live up to 5 years with appropriate care. Caring for Hecq’s shell-dwellers involves replicating their natural habitat to promote health and natural behaviors. **Tank Size** A minimum tank size of 40 liters is recommended for a single pair. For groups or optimal conditions, a 75-liter tank is ideal, allowing space for territories and reducing aggression. **Water Parameters** Maintain a pH between 7.0 and 8.4, with water hardness ranging from 8 to 28°N (142.86 - 500 ppm). The temperature should be kept between 22°C and 27°C. Consistent water quality is crucial, as these fish are sensitive to rapid changes. **Filtration and Lighting** Use a filter with a flow rate equal to 10 times the tank volume to manage waste effectively. Ensure the intake is covered to protect fry. Lighting should be subdued to mimic their natural environment and prevent excessive algae growth. **Substrate and Decor** Provide a fine sand substrate at least 5 cm deep, as these fish are avid diggers. Include multiple empty snail shells, such as escargot shells, offering at least three per fish to prevent territorial disputes. Adding rock formations can create additional hiding spots and territories. **Feeding** Hecq’s shell-dwellers are carnivorous, accepting quality flake or pellet foods. Supplement their diet with live or frozen foods like brine shrimp and bloodworms to ensure nutritional balance. **What type of substrate is best for Hecq’s shell-dwellers?** A fine sand substrate is ideal, allowing them to exhibit natural digging behaviors without harming themselves. **How many shells should be provided per fish?** At least three shells per fish are recommended to prevent territorial disputes and provide ample shelter. **Can Hecq’s shell-dwellers be kept with live plants?** Yes, but choose hardy species that can tolerate the digging behavior of these fish, such as Vallisneria or Anubias. Hecq’s shell-dwellers are endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa, one of the Great Rift Valley lakes. They inhabit sandy substrates scattered with empty snail shells, particularly those of *Neothauma tanganyicense*. These environments are characterized by hard, alkaline water with stable conditions. The lake's clear waters and consistent parameters have shaped the specific needs of this species in captivity. **Why do Hecq’s shell-dwellers prefer snail shells in their natural habitat?** The shells provide protection from predators and serve as breeding sites, offering a safe environment for raising fry. **What are the water conditions like in Lake Tanganyika?** The lake features hard, alkaline water with a pH ranging from 7.0 to 8.4 and temperatures between 22°C and 27°C. **How does the natural habitat influence their behavior in aquariums?** Their reliance on shells for shelter and breeding means they exhibit territorial behaviors and require similar structures in captivity to feel secure. Hecq’s shell-dwellers exhibit territorial behavior, especially during breeding. Males may become aggressive towards other males to defend their chosen shells and surrounding territory. They are best kept in species-specific setups or with carefully selected tank mates. **Suitable Tank Mates** Midwater or upper-level swimmers that do not encroach on the bottom territory, such as small livebearers or dwarf rainbowfish, can be compatible. Avoid bottom-dwelling species like loaches or catfish, as they may be harassed or outcompeted. **How can aggression be minimized in a community tank?** Providing ample space, multiple shells, and visual barriers can help reduce territorial disputes and aggression. **Is it possible to keep multiple males together?** It's challenging, as males are territorial. If attempted, ensure a large tank with plenty of shells and hiding spots to diffuse aggression. **Do they exhibit schooling behavior?** No, they are not shoaling fish and prefer to establish individual territories centered around their chosen shells. Hecq’s shell-dwellers are known for their boldness, often defending their territory against much larger intruders, earning them the nickname "the bravest fish in the world." They are harem breeders, with males courting multiple females who lay eggs inside the shells. The fry remain in the shell until they are large enough to venture out, often staying close to the parent's territory. Their behavior of manipulating and moving shells to suit their preferences showcases their industrious nature. **How do Hecq’s shell-dwellers breed in captivity?** Males court females who lay eggs inside shells. The eggs hatch in about three days, and the fry become free-swimming a few days later. **Do they interact with their environment?** Yes, they actively dig and move shells to create suitable territories and breeding sites. **What makes them stand out among other cichlids?** Their unique shell-dwelling behavior and bold territorial defense make them a fascinating species to observe. All information in this article has been gathered from the following reputable sources: - aqua-fish.net - qualitymarine.com - cichlidrecipe.com