Catfish
Minimum Tank Volume 10 Gallon |
Recommended Tank Volume 20.1 Gallon (for groups of 5 or more) |
Maximum Adult Length 3 inch |
Average Adult Length 2 inch |
Shoaling (6+ required) Yes |
Preferred Water Type Freshwater, soft to moderately hard, slightly acidic to neutral |
Minimum Group Size 5 |
Temperature Range (°C) 22–26 |
pH Range 6.5–7.5 |
Water Hardness (dGH) 2–12 |
Typical Lifespan (years) 5 years |
Minimum Tank Volume 10 Gallon | Recommended Tank Volume 20.1 Gallon (for groups of 5 or more) |
Maximum Adult Length 3 inch | Average Adult Length 2 inch |
Shoaling (6+ required) Yes | Preferred Water Type Freshwater, soft to moderately hard, slightly acidic to neutral |
Minimum Group Size 5 | Temperature Range (°C) 22–26 |
pH Range 6.5–7.5 | Water Hardness (dGH) 2–12 |
Typical Lifespan (years) 5 years |
Introduction
The Corydoras catfish, commonly known as "Cory catfish" or simply "Corys," are a popular choice among aquarists due to their peaceful nature and unique bottom-dwelling behavior. These small, armored catfish are renowned for their active scavenging habits, making them excellent tank cleaners. Their hardy disposition and engaging behaviors make them suitable for both beginner and intermediate fishkeepers.
Care and Environment
Providing optimal care for Corydoras catfish involves attention to tank setup, water parameters, and diet to ensure their health and longevity.
What is the minimum tank size required for Corydoras catfish?
A minimum tank size of 38 liters (10 gallons) is recommended for smaller species, while larger species thrive in tanks of at least 76 liters (20 gallons). Keeping them in groups of five or more is essential to promote natural behaviors and reduce stress.
What are the ideal water parameters for Corydoras catfish?
Corydoras prefer water temperatures between 22°C and 26°C (72°F to 78°F), with a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5, and water hardness between 2 to 12 dGH. Regular water changes of 20-30% every one to two weeks help maintain water quality.
What type of substrate is best for Corydoras catfish?
A soft, sandy substrate is ideal to protect their sensitive barbels during foraging. Avoid sharp or coarse materials that could cause injury.
In terms of filtration, a moderate system with gentle flow is suitable, as Corydoras are sensitive to strong currents. Lighting should be low to moderate, mimicking their natural habitat.
Diet-wise, Corydoras are omnivorous. They thrive on a balanced diet of high-quality sinking pellets or wafers designed for bottom feeders, supplemented with live or frozen foods like bloodworms, daphnia, and brine shrimp. Feeding small amounts once or twice daily ensures they receive adequate nutrition without overfeeding.
Origin and Habitat
Corydoras catfish are native to South America, inhabiting regions such as Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, Colombia, and Peru. They are commonly found in slow-moving rivers, streams, and floodplains with soft, sandy substrates and abundant vegetation. These environments often have slightly acidic to neutral pH levels and moderate temperatures, conditions that should be replicated in the home aquarium to ensure their well-being.
Temperament and Compatibility
Corydoras catfish are peaceful and social, making them excellent additions to community aquariums. They exhibit shoaling behavior and should be kept in groups of at least five to promote natural interactions and reduce stress.
What are suitable tank mates for Corydoras catfish?
Compatible tank mates include small, non-aggressive species such as tetras, rasboras, guppies, dwarf cichlids, and small gouramis.
Are there any tank mates to avoid when keeping Corydoras catfish?
It's advisable to avoid housing them with large, aggressive fish like Oscars, Jack Dempseys, and large cichlids, as these species may pose a threat to the Corydoras.
Providing ample hiding spots, such as caves, driftwood, and dense vegetation, helps Corydoras feel secure and reduces stress.
Interesting Facts
Corydoras catfish possess several fascinating traits that endear them to aquarists:
Do Corydoras catfish have any unique respiratory adaptations?
Yes, they have a modified intestinal tract that allows them to gulp air from the surface, enabling survival in low-oxygen environments. This behavior is normal and not a cause for concern.
How do Corydoras catfish communicate?
They can produce audible sounds by grinding their pectoral spines or using their swim bladder, often during stressful situations or to communicate with each other.
Additionally, Corydoras are covered in bony plates known as scutes, providing extra protection from predators. With proper care, they can live up to 10 years or even longer, which is impressive for a small freshwater fish.
Sources
All information in this article has been gathered from the following reputable sources: