Cardinal tetra
Minimum Tank Volume 19.8 Gallon |
Recommended Tank Volume 19.8 Gallon (for groups of 6 or more) |
Maximum Adult Length 2 inch |
Average Adult Length 2 inch |
Shoaling (6+ required) Yes |
Preferred Water Type Soft, acidic freshwater |
Minimum Group Size 6 |
Temperature Range (°C) 23–27 |
pH Range 5.5–7.5 |
Water Hardness (dGH) 2–6 |
Typical Lifespan (years) 2 years |
Minimum Tank Volume 19.8 Gallon | Recommended Tank Volume 19.8 Gallon (for groups of 6 or more) |
Maximum Adult Length 2 inch | Average Adult Length 2 inch |
Shoaling (6+ required) Yes | Preferred Water Type Soft, acidic freshwater |
Minimum Group Size 6 | Temperature Range (°C) 23–27 |
pH Range 5.5–7.5 | Water Hardness (dGH) 2–6 |
Typical Lifespan (years) 2 years |
Introduction
The cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi) is a vibrant freshwater fish cherished by aquarists for its striking iridescent blue stripe and vivid red underbelly. Native to South America's Orinoco and Negro Rivers, this species adds a splash of color and dynamic movement to home aquariums. While their care is manageable for beginners, maintaining stable water conditions is essential to keep them healthy and thriving.
What makes the cardinal tetra a popular choice among aquarists?
Their brilliant coloration and peaceful nature make them ideal for community tanks, providing both visual appeal and harmonious interactions with other species.
Are cardinal tetras suitable for novice fishkeepers?
Yes, with proper attention to water parameters and tank setup, cardinal tetras can be a rewarding choice for beginners looking to enhance their aquarium experience.
Care and Environment
Providing optimal care for cardinal tetras involves replicating their natural habitat and maintaining consistent water conditions.
What is the minimum tank size for cardinal tetras?
A minimum tank size of 20 gallons (75 liters) is recommended to accommodate a small school of six tetras, allowing ample swimming space and reducing stress.
What are the ideal water parameters for cardinal tetras?
They thrive in soft, acidic water with a pH between 5.5 and 7.5, and temperatures ranging from 73°F to 81°F (23°C to 27°C). Water hardness should be kept low, ideally between 2 to 6 dGH.
To maintain these conditions, invest in a reliable heater and thermometer to ensure stable temperatures. Regular water testing is crucial to monitor pH and hardness levels. Performing weekly water changes of 20-30% helps keep the environment clean and stable.
What type of filtration and lighting do cardinal tetras prefer?
A gentle filtration system is ideal, as they originate from slow-moving waters. Sponge filters with an air pump are suitable choices. Moderate lighting enhances their natural coloration and supports plant growth without causing stress.
In terms of tank decor, a dark, fine-grained substrate complements their vibrant colors. Incorporate live plants like Java moss, Java fern, and Amazon sword to provide hiding spots and mimic their natural environment. Adding driftwood and leaf litter can further replicate their native habitat and help maintain the desired water chemistry.
Feeding cardinal tetras a varied diet is essential. They are omnivorous and will accept high-quality flake foods, as well as live or frozen options like brine shrimp, bloodworms, and daphnia. Offering small amounts two to three times daily ensures they receive adequate nutrition without overfeeding.
Be mindful of their sensitivity to water quality and changes. Sudden fluctuations in temperature or pH can lead to stress and health issues. Regular monitoring and maintenance are key to keeping them healthy.
Origin and Habitat
Cardinal tetras are indigenous to the upper Orinoco and Negro River basins in South America. These regions are characterized by slow-moving, soft, and acidic waters, often shaded by dense rainforest canopies. The natural environment includes a substrate of fine sand and leaf litter, with abundant aquatic vegetation and submerged roots providing ample hiding spots.
How do cardinal tetras' natural habitats influence their care in captivity?
Understanding their native conditions helps aquarists replicate similar environments in home aquariums, promoting natural behaviors and reducing stress.
Do cardinal tetras experience seasonal variations in their natural habitat?
Yes, seasonal changes can affect water parameters and food availability, influencing their breeding cycles and behaviors.
Temperament and Compatibility
Cardinal tetras are peaceful, schooling fish that thrive in groups of six or more. Their calm demeanor makes them excellent candidates for community tanks.
What are suitable tank mates for cardinal tetras?
Compatible companions include other small, non-aggressive species such as neon tetras, guppies, and corydoras catfish.
Are there any fish species to avoid housing with cardinal tetras?
It's best to avoid larger, aggressive fish or fin-nippers, as they can stress or harm the tetras.
Creating a harmonious tank community involves selecting species with similar temperaments and environmental requirements. Providing ample space and hiding spots helps reduce potential conflicts and stress among tank inhabitants.
Interesting Facts
Cardinal tetras are often confused with neon tetras due to their similar appearance. However, the cardinal's red coloration extends the full length of its body, whereas the neon's red stripe reaches only halfway.
How long do cardinal tetras typically live in captivity?
With proper care, they can live up to five years, offering aquarists a long-term, vibrant addition to their tanks.
Are cardinal tetras easy to breed in home aquariums?
Breeding them can be challenging due to their specific water parameter requirements and sensitivity to light during spawning.
Interestingly, the cardinal tetra fishery in Brazil supports local economies and promotes environmental stewardship. Sustainable harvesting practices help preserve their natural habitats and provide livelihoods for local communities.
Sources
All information in this article has been gathered from the following reputable sources: