Altum angelfish
Introduction
The Altum angelfish (Pterophyllum altum), also known as the Orinoco angelfish or deep angelfish, is a striking freshwater species cherished by aquarists for its impressive size and graceful appearance. Distinguished by its tall, laterally compressed body and elongated fins, the Altum angelfish adds a majestic presence to any aquarium. However, due to its specific care requirements and sensitivity to water conditions, it is best suited for aquarists with some experience.
Care and Environment
Providing optimal care for the Altum angelfish involves meticulous attention to tank setup, water parameters, and diet.
What is the minimum tank size for an Altum angelfish?
A single Altum angelfish requires a minimum tank size of 208 liters (55 gallons) to accommodate its potential height of up to 38 cm (15 inches). For groups, a larger tank is necessary to provide ample swimming space and reduce territorial behavior.
What are the ideal water parameters for Altum angelfish?
Altum angelfish thrive in warm, soft, and acidic water conditions. Maintain temperatures between 28°C and 32°C (82°F to 90°F), a pH range of 4.8 to 6.2, and water hardness between 0 to 5 dGH. Consistent water quality is crucial, as these fish are sensitive to fluctuations and pollutants.
How should the tank be decorated for Altum angelfish?
To replicate their natural habitat, use a soft substrate like sand or fine gravel, and incorporate driftwood, submerged roots, and tall aquatic plants to provide hiding spots and reduce stress. Dim lighting, possibly achieved with floating plants, is preferred to mimic the shaded environments they are accustomed to.
Efficient filtration is essential to maintain pristine water quality, but ensure the water flow is gentle, as Altum angelfish prefer calm waters. Regular water changes of 25% to 30% weekly are recommended to keep nitrate levels low and support their health.
Diet-wise, Altum angelfish are omnivorous. Offer a varied diet including live foods like white mosquito larvae, bloodworms, daphnia, vitamin-enriched brine shrimp, and mysis shrimp. Wild-caught specimens may initially be reluctant to accept prepared foods; start with live foods and gradually introduce frozen or high-quality flake foods to diversify their diet.
Origin and Habitat
Altum angelfish are native to South America, specifically the upper Rio Negro and tributaries of the upper Orinoco River, including the Rio Inírida and Rio Atabapo in Colombia and Venezuela. They inhabit slow-moving, heavily vegetated waters with soft, acidic conditions. These environments are characterized by submerged roots and branches, providing ample hiding spots and breeding sites. The water is typically warm, with temperatures ranging from 28°C to 32°C (82°F to 90°F), and has a low pH between 4.8 and 6.2.
Temperament and Compatibility
Altum angelfish are generally peaceful but can exhibit territorial behavior, especially during breeding periods. They are best kept in groups to mimic their natural social structure, which can help reduce stress and aggression.
What tank mates are suitable for Altum angelfish?
Suitable tank mates include larger, peaceful species such as certain tetras, larger rasboras, and non-aggressive cichlids. Avoid housing them with small fish that could be seen as prey or with aggressive species that may harass them.
How do Altum angelfish behave in a community tank?
While they can coexist with other species, it's important to monitor interactions closely. Providing ample space and hiding spots can help minimize territorial disputes and promote a harmonious tank environment.
Interesting Facts
Altum angelfish are the largest members of their genus, with specimens reaching heights of up to 38 cm (15 inches) from the tip of the dorsal to the tip of the anal fin. They are known for their intelligence and have been observed using their flattened bodies to flush prey out from hiding spots. Breeding Altum angelfish in captivity is challenging due to their specific water requirements and sensitivity to environmental changes. They typically lay eggs on clean, vertical surfaces, and both parents guard and fan the eggs to prevent fungal growth and protect the fry after hatching.
Sources
All information in this article has been gathered from the following reputable sources: