African butterfly fish
Introduction
The African butterfly fish (Pantodon buchholzi) is a unique and captivating species that has intrigued aquarists for decades. Known for its distinctive wing-like pectoral fins and surface-dwelling behavior, this fish adds an exotic flair to freshwater aquariums. While its care requires attention to specific needs, the African butterfly fish can be a rewarding addition for hobbyists prepared to meet its requirements.
Care and Environment
Providing optimal care for the African butterfly fish involves replicating its natural habitat and addressing its unique behaviors.
What is the minimum tank size for an African butterfly fish?
A minimum tank size of 113.5 liters (30 gallons) is recommended for a single African butterfly fish. A longer, shallower tank is preferable to accommodate its surface-dwelling nature.
What are the ideal water parameters for African butterfly fish?
Maintain water temperatures between 24°C and 28°C (75°F to 82°F), with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5, and water hardness between 5 to 12 dGH. Consistent water quality is crucial, as this species is sensitive to fluctuations.
How should the tank be set up for African butterfly fish?
Incorporate floating plants like Amazon frogbit or water lettuce to provide shade and mimic their natural environment. Ensure the tank has a secure lid, as African butterfly fish are known to jump.
Filtration should be efficient yet gentle to avoid strong currents, as these fish prefer calm waters. Feeding should consist of live or frozen insects and small invertebrates, such as crickets, mealworms, and brine shrimp, offered 2–4 times daily.
Origin and Habitat
Native to West Africa, the African butterfly fish inhabits slow-moving rivers, lakes, and swamps. They are commonly found in regions like Lake Chad, the Congo Basin, and the lower Niger.
What type of environment do African butterfly fish prefer?
They thrive in areas with abundant surface vegetation, providing cover and hunting grounds. These environments typically have slightly acidic, soft water with minimal current.
Temperament and Compatibility
African butterfly fish are generally solitary and can exhibit territorial behavior, especially towards other surface-dwelling species.
Are African butterfly fish aggressive?
They can be aggressive towards their own kind and other surface-dwelling fish, particularly males.
What are suitable tank mates for African butterfly fish?
Compatible tank mates include bottom-dwelling species like Corydoras catfish and peaceful mid-level swimmers such as larger tetras. Avoid small fish that may be perceived as prey and fin-nipping species that could harass the butterfly fish.
Interesting Facts
The African butterfly fish possesses several fascinating traits that make it stand out in the aquarium hobby.
Why is it called the African butterfly fish?
Its large, wing-like pectoral fins resemble butterfly wings, inspiring its common name.
Can African butterfly fish jump out of the tank?
Yes, they are known for their strong jumping abilities, which is why a secure lid is essential for their tank.
How do African butterfly fish hunt?
They are surface hunters, primarily feeding on insects and small fish that come near the water's surface.
Sources
All information in this article has been gathered from the following reputable sources:
Overview
Recommended Tank Size 39.9 Gallons (for optimal conditions) |
Minimum Group Size 1 |
Maximum Adult Size |
Minimum Tank Volume 30 Gallons |
Maximum Adult Length 5.1 inches |
Average Adult Length 3.9 inches |
Shoaling (6+ required) No |
Preferred Water Type Freshwater, soft, slightly acidic |
Temperature Range (°C) 24–28 |
pH Range 6.0–7.5 |
Water Hardness (dGH) 5–12 |
Typical Lifespan (years) 5 years |